Annotated Bibliography and Summary

Annotated Bibliography and Summary

PSY/345

Melissa Campbell, Theresa Waker, Felicita Flowers

Bobick, A. F. (1997). Movement, Activity and Action: The Role of Knowledge In The

Perception of Motion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 352(1358), 1257-1265.

This discussed different methods of understanding motion, activity and action. Movements are perceived using “view-invariant or view-specific geometric techniques.” Activity is a series of engagements. Knowledge of the sequence of these movements is required. Action is wide-rangingoccurrences which include interaction with the environment and casual relationships.

Gori, M., Giuliana, L., Sandini, G., & Burr, D. (2012, November). Visual Size Perceptionand Haptic Calibration during Development. Developmental Science, 15(6), 854863.University of Phoenix Library.

The content within this article describes as well as provides accurate information pertaining to exposure and the effects of extended exposure. It also goes in to show just how objects are perceived by the visual system and accurately recorded from varying ranges of depth and distances. The article highlights the many importance of the haptic need for touch and how the concept of measuring size consistency changes in children and adults at varying distances.

Hill, C. S., & Bennett, D. J. (2008). The Perception of Shape and Size. Philosophicalissues, 18(1), doi:10.1111/j.1533-6077.2008.00149.x

In the beginning of this article it discusses the factors that tie into what we see and what is the size of the object we perceive to see. Much of this depends on the angle in which we are looking at the visual aid or object; as well as the actual size of the object and their distances. Another factor to the consideration of the perception of size would be constancy. If the distance is far enough and the object big enough, the object being perceived will be seen smaller. Another factor that is relative to size would be perspective. According to the article, it says that we may be looking at several objects and because of the perception to perspective these shapes may look like they are all different sizes, when in fact they are all the same size.

Holmin, J. (2015) Characterizing Motion Parallax Depth Thresholds in Older Adults.

Journal of Vision September 2015, Vol.15, 805. doi:10.1167/15.12.805

This article discusses the nature of motion parallax (MP) and how age can affect depth perception. When depth perception is changed it can have real world consequences, such as walking down a busy street and driving privileges. It was concluded that “decreased sensitivity to depth from MP is tied to age-related deficits in motion perception and pursuit eye movements, both of which are necessary for unambiguous depth from MP”.

Nawrot, M., Nordenstrom, B., Olson, A. (2004) Disruption of Eye Movement by Ethanol,Intoxication Affects Perception of Depth from Motion Parallax.Psychological Science. December 2004, Vol.15, 12. pp 858-865.

This article states that depth perception is normally fast and easy. It goes on to tell you that while ethanol is in one’s system; eye movement is perceived from the depth within motion parallax. It discusses the effects of being impaired by ethanol and how it messed up your perception and eye movements. It also effects the sensitivity of the eyes.

Ono, M. E., Rivest, J., & Ono, H. (1986). Depth Perception as a Function of Motion

Parallax and Absolute-Distance Information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 12(3), 331.

This article discusses a study that was preformed to establish that the human visual system adjusts motion parallax (MP). Depth perception is your ability to use visual cues to gauge distance or three-dimensional features of an object. Motion parallax is the part of depth perception in which objects that are closer appear to move faster than objects that are further. This study proved that the visual system does regulate MP based on totalspace.

Sasaki, H. (2004). Visual Attention to Reference Frames Affects Perceptions of ShapeFrom Shading. Perceptual & motor Skills; 118(3):850-863. Retrieved from:Education Source, Ipswich MA. University of Phoenix.

This article demonstrates not only the influence of attention. But also in the importance of perceiving both shape and size in objects around us. The author conducted a study in which proves as well as validates the exact influence of attention when referencing to the frame based perceptions of size, shape, and shape from shading. The participants in this study were asked to reference a targets location; in reference to the frame. The study shows that the shaded targets were the first detected; thus making it important to mention that visual aids as well as assumptions of scenes, were generated by the brain even when there was an absence of clear illumination. And lastly, the author discussed that shape/size is detected regardless to any and all outside influences trying to distract from the pheromone as it depends on visual attention.

Teichert, T., Klingenhoefer, S., Wachtler, T., T., Brenner. (2008). Depth perceptionduring saccades. Journal of Vision, 8(27).

The article discussed the depth plane and how it changed when stimuli are flashed during a saccade. These flashes cause changes in gaze direction. The researchers concluded that depth perception still remains during a saccades.

Conclusion,

It is these concepts that are related to the perceptions of motion, size, and depth that allow us a better understanding of what it is that we are seeing visually as well as how to apply the proper definition to contribute to what it is we are seeing. From the visual aids including the monkey visual motion system to the 3D perception motion; from the size, shape, and depth of its meaning. Perception is the ability to see and the capability to interpret as well as to understand it. In summation, it would appear that vision is far more complex than many realize.